5.     FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

 

As of December 31, 2025, cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities include the Company’s investments in money market funds, municipal debt securities and corporate debt securities. Debt securities classified as cash equivalents are required to be accounted for in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. As such, the Company determined its investments in debt securities held at December 31, 2025 should be classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders’ equity. The cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and discounts to maturity. This amortization is included in other income and expense. Realized gains and losses, as well as interest income, are also included in other income and expense. The fair values of securities are based on quoted market prices to the extent available or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs.

 

Investments by category included in cash equivalents and marketable securities at the end of each period were as follows (in thousands):

 

    

December 31, 2025

  

December 31, 2024

 
  

Fair Value Level1

 

Adjusted Cost

  

Gross Unrealized Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Adjusted Cost

  

Gross Unrealized Losses

  

Fair Value

 

Money market funds

 

Level 1

 $581  $  $581  $2,092  $  $2,092 

Municipal debt securities

 

Level 2

  4,893   (1)  4,892   3,458      3,458 

Corporate debt securities

 

Level 2

  17,513   (9)  17,504   30,491   (26)  30,465 

Total investments

   $22,987  $(10) $22,977  $36,041  $(26) $36,015 

 


1 FASB Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires the use of observable market data, when available, and prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value in the following categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 20, 2026Showing above
2018Apr 26, 2019

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.