NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the observability of the inputs available in the market used to measure fair value as follows:

Level I — Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date;
Level II — Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and
Level III — Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Our money market funds are classified within Level I due to the highly liquid nature of these assets and have unadjusted inputs, quoted prices in active markets for these assets at the measurement date from the financial institution that carries these investment securities. Our investments in available-for-sale debt securities such as commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are classified within Level II. The fair value of these securities is priced by using inputs based on non-binding market consensus prices that are corroborated by observable market data, quoted market prices for similar instruments, or pricing models such as discounted cash flow techniques.

Convertible Note Receivable

In May 2023, we sold our Frame Desktop-as-a-Service business. As part of the consideration for the sale, we received a $5.0 million interest-bearing convertible note. We have elected the fair value option for the convertible note and will record the changes in its fair value at each reporting period. As of July 31, 2025, the fair value of the convertible note was determined to be approximately $5.5 million. We consider this convertible note to be classified within Level III. The fair value is determined by considering the convertible note’s principal and accrued interest, as well as the convertible note’s option to convert into equity securities, using inputs including debt yields, volatility data, and the value of the underlying equity into which the convertible note could be converted.

The fair value of our financial assets measured on a recurring basis is as follows:

 

 

 

As of July 31, 2024

 

 

 

Level I

 

 

Level II

 

 

Level III

 

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Financial Assets, Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds

 

$

352,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

352,295

 

U.S. Government securities

 

 

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

 

 

 

99

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

1,747

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,747

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

233,065

 

 

 

 

 

 

233,065

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

33,770

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,770

 

U.S. Government securities

 

 

 

 

 

72,237

 

 

 

 

 

 

72,237

 

Total measured at fair value

 

$

352,295

 

 

$

340,918

 

 

$

 

 

$

693,213

 

Cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

301,129

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

994,342

 

Financial Assets, Non-Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convertible note receivable

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

5,150

 

 

$

5,150

 

 

 

 

As of July 31, 2025

 

 

 

Level I

 

 

Level II

 

 

Level III

 

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Financial Assets, Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds

 

$

371,762

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

371,762

 

U.S. Government securities

 

 

 

 

 

21,703

 

 

 

 

 

 

21,703

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

13,068

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,068

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

647,074

 

 

 

 

 

 

647,074

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

163,055

 

 

 

 

 

 

163,055

 

U.S. Government securities

 

 

 

 

 

413,105

 

 

 

 

 

 

413,105

 

Total measured at fair value

 

$

371,762

 

 

$

1,258,005

 

 

$

 

 

$

1,629,767

 

Cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

362,969

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

1,992,736

 

Financial Assets, Non-Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convertible note receivable

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

5,460

 

 

$

5,460

 

 

Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

We report our financial instruments at fair value, with the exception of the 2027 Notes and 2029 Notes (collectively, the "Notes"). Financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis are measured at fair value on a quarterly basis for disclosure purposes. The carrying values and estimated fair values of financial instruments not recorded at fair value are as follows:

 

 

 

As of July 31, 2024

 

 

As of July 31, 2025

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

 

Estimated
Fair
Value

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

 

Estimated
Fair
Value

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

2027 Notes

 

$

570,073

 

 

$

631,178

 

 

$

497,059

 

 

$

695,295

 

2029 Notes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

846,759

 

 

 

976,652

 

Total

 

$

570,073

 

 

$

631,178

 

 

$

1,343,818

 

 

$

1,671,947

 

 

The carrying value of the 2027 Notes as of July 31, 2024 and 2025 was net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $4.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively.

The carrying value of the 2029 Notes as of July 31, 2025 was net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $15.7 million.

The total estimated fair values of the Notes were determined based on the closing trading price per $100 of the Notes as of the last day of trading for the period. We consider the fair values of the Notes to be Level II valuations due to the limited trading activity.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Sep 24, 2025Showing above
2024Sep 19, 2024
2023Sep 21, 2023
2022Sep 21, 2022
2021Sep 21, 2021
2020Sep 23, 2020
2019Sep 24, 2019
2018Sep 24, 2018
2017Sep 18, 2017

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.