Property and equipment, net consists of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

Estimated
Useful Life

 

July 31,
2024

 

 

July 31,
2025

 

 

 

(in months)

 

(in thousands)

 

Computer, production, engineering and other equipment

 

36

 

$

421,559

 

 

$

435,564

 

Demonstration units

 

12

 

 

59,570

 

 

 

59,475

 

Leasehold improvements

 

(1)

 

 

64,607

 

 

 

71,520

 

Software

 

(2)

 

 

29,014

 

 

 

29,152

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

60

 

 

16,169

 

 

 

15,542

 

Total property and equipment, gross

 

 

 

 

590,919

 

 

 

611,253

 

Less: accumulated depreciation

 

 

 

 

(454,739

)

 

 

(468,439

)

Total property and equipment, net

 

 

 

$

136,180

 

 

$

142,814

 

 

 

 

(1)
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the improvements or the remaining lease term.
(2)
The estimated useful life of software ranges from 36 to 120 months, representing the period during which the software is expected to contribute, either directly or indirectly, to our future cash flows.

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.