1ST SOURCE CORPSRCE
1ST SOURCE CORP Fair Value Disclosure
Fair Value Measurements
The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of quoted prices and observable inputs and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company elected fair value accounting for mortgages held for sale and for its best-efforts forward sales commitments. The Company economically hedges its mortgages held for sale at the time the interest rate locks are issued to the customers. The Company believes the election for mortgages held for sale will reduce certain timing differences and better match changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives or best-efforts forward sales commitments. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, all mortgages held for sale were carried at fair value.
The following table shows the differences between the fair value carrying amount of mortgages held for sale measured at fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal amount the Company is contractually entitled to receive at maturity on December 31, 2025 and 2024.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Fair value carrying amount | Aggregate unpaid principal | Excess of fair value carrying amount over (under) unpaid principal | ||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages held for sale reported at fair value: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Loans | $ | 4,866 | $ | 4,647 | $ | 219 | (1) | ||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages held for sale reported at fair value: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Loans | $ | 2,569 | $ | 2,343 | $ | 226 | (1) | ||||||||||||||||
(1) The excess of fair value carrying amount over (under) unpaid principal is included in Mortgage Banking Income on the Consolidated Statements of Income and includes changes in fair value at and subsequent to funding and gains and losses on the related loan commitment prior to funding.
Financial Instruments on Recurring Basis:
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Investment securities available-for-sale are valued primarily by a third-party pricing agent. Prices supplied by the independent pricing agent, as well as their pricing methodologies and assumptions, are reviewed by the Company for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with market levels. In general, the Company’s investment securities do not possess a complex structure that could introduce greater valuation risk. The portfolio mainly consists of traditional investments including U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities, Federal agency mortgage pass-through securities, and general obligation and revenue municipal bonds. Pricing for such instruments is fairly generic and is easily obtained. On a quarterly basis, prices supplied by the pricing agent are validated by comparison to prices obtained from other third-party sources for a material portion of the portfolio.
The valuation policy and procedures for Level 3 fair value measurements of available-for-sale debt securities are decided through collaboration between management of the Corporate Accounting and Funds Management departments. The changes in fair value measurement for Level 3 securities are analyzed on a periodic basis under a collaborative framework with the aforementioned departments. The methodology and variables used for input are derived from the combination of observable and unobservable inputs. The unobservable inputs are determined through internal assumptions that may vary from period to period due to external factors, such as market movement and credit rating adjustments.
Both the market and income valuation approaches are implemented using the following types of inputs:
•U.S. treasuries are priced using the market approach and utilizing live data feeds from active market exchanges for identical securities.
•Government-sponsored agency debt securities and corporate bonds are primarily priced using available market information through processes such as benchmark curves, market valuations of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing.
•Other government-sponsored agency securities, mortgage-backed securities and some of the actively traded REMICs and CMOs, are primarily priced using available market information including benchmark yields, prepayment speeds, spreads and volatility of similar securities.
•State and political subdivisions are largely grouped by characteristics, i.e., geographical data and source of revenue in trade dissemination systems. Since some securities are not traded daily and due to other grouping limitations, active market quotes are often obtained using benchmarking for like securities. Local direct placement municipal securities, with very little market activity, are priced using an appropriate market yield curve, which includes a credit spread assumption.
Mortgages held for sale and the related loan commitments and forward contracts (hedges) are valued by a third-party pricing agent. Prices supplied by the independent pricing agent, as well as their pricing methodologies, are reviewed by the Company for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with market values. On a quarterly basis, prices supplied by the pricing agent are validated by comparison to the prices obtained from other third-party sources.
Interest rate swap positions, both assets and liabilities, are valued by a third-party pricing agent using an income approach and utilizing models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. This valuation process considers various factors including interest rate yield curves, time value and volatility factors. Validation of third-party agent valuations is accomplished by comparing those values to the Company’s swap counterparty valuations. Management believes an adjustment is required to “mid-market” valuations for derivatives tied to its performing loan portfolio to recognize the imprecision and related exposure inherent in the process of estimating expected credit losses as well as velocity of deterioration evident with systemic risks embedded in these portfolios. Any change in the mid-market derivative valuation adjustment will be recognized immediately through the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The following table shows the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities available-for-sale: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities | $ | 516,892 | $ | 179,885 | $ | — | $ | 696,777 | ||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. States and political subdivisions securities | — | 112,080 | 983 | 113,063 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities - Federal agencies | — | 712,143 | — | 712,143 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | — | 503 | — | 503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | 516,892 | 1,004,611 | 983 | 1,522,486 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages held for sale | — | 4,866 | — | 4,866 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (interest rate swap agreements) | — | 16,486 | — | 16,486 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 516,892 | $ | 1,025,963 | $ | 983 | $ | 1,543,838 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities (interest rate swap agreements) | $ | — | $ | 16,798 | $ | — | $ | 16,798 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | 16,798 | $ | — | $ | 16,798 | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities available-for-sale: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and Federal agencies securities | $ | 446,021 | $ | 311,728 | $ | — | $ | 757,749 | ||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. States and political subdivisions securities | — | 81,600 | 1,032 | 82,632 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities - Federal agencies | — | 695,918 | — | 695,918 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | 446,021 | 1,089,246 | 1,032 | 1,536,299 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages held for sale | — | 2,569 | — | 2,569 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (interest rate swap agreements) | — | 16,424 | — | 16,424 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 446,021 | $ | 1,108,239 | $ | 1,032 | $ | 1,555,292 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities (interest rate swap agreements) | $ | — | $ | 16,727 | $ | — | $ | 16,727 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | 16,727 | $ | — | $ | 16,727 | ||||||||||||||||||
The following table shows changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
| (Dollars in thousands) | U.S. States and political subdivisions securities | |||||||
| Beginning balance January 1, 2025 | $ | 1,032 | ||||||
| Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||
| Included in earnings | — | |||||||
| Included in other comprehensive income (loss) | 41 | |||||||
| Purchases | — | |||||||
| Issuances | — | |||||||
| Sales | — | |||||||
| Settlements | — | |||||||
| Maturities | (90) | |||||||
| Transfers into Level 3 | — | |||||||
| Transfers out of Level 3 | — | |||||||
| Ending balance December 31, 2025 | $ | 983 | ||||||
| Beginning balance January 1, 2024 | $ | 1,161 | ||||||
| Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): | ||||||||
| Included in earnings | — | |||||||
| Included in other comprehensive income (loss) | 51 | |||||||
| Purchases | — | |||||||
| Issuances | — | |||||||
| Sales | — | |||||||
| Settlements | — | |||||||
| Maturities | (180) | |||||||
| Transfers into Level 3 | — | |||||||
| Transfers out of Level 3 | — | |||||||
| Ending balance December 31, 2024 | $ | 1,032 | ||||||
There were no gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at December 31, 2025 or 2024.
The following table shows the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Fair Value | Valuation Methodology | Unobservable Inputs | Range of Inputs | Weighted Average | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt securities available-for-sale | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct placement municipal securities | $ | 983 | Discounted cash flows | Credit spread assumption | 0.88% - 3.99% | 3.45 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt securities available-for-sale | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct placement municipal securities | $ | 1,032 | Discounted cash flows | Credit spread assumption | 1.15% - 4.59% | 3.96 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial Instruments on Non-recurring Basis:
The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower of cost or market accounting or impairment charges of individual assets.
The Credit Policy Committee (CPC), a management committee, is responsible for overseeing the processes and controls for supporting Level 3 valuation inputs used for collateral-dependent loans and leases, other real estate, and repossessions. The CPC reviews these assets on a quarterly basis to determine the appropriateness and accuracy of observable inputs which can include, third-party appraisals, auction values, trade publications and borrower-provided information, and unobservable inputs which may include discounts for current market conditions, collateral condition, estimated time to liquidation, and collection considerations. Standard discount frameworks by asset type and valuation source are utilized and deviations from the standard are documented. The discounts are reviewed at least annually to determine whether they remain appropriate. Consideration is given to current trends in market values for the asset categories and realized gains and losses on sales of similar assets. The Loan and Funds Management Committee of the Board of Directors provides oversight for the CPC.
Discounts vary depending on the nature of the assets and the source of value. Aircraft valuations may incorporate quarterly trade publication data adjusted for engine time, condition, and maintenance programs, typically discounted by 10%. Likewise, autos are valued using current auction data, generally discounted by 10%; medium and heavy duty trucks are valued using trade publications and auction data, commonly discounted by 15%. Construction equipment values may reference trade publications and auction data, typically discounted by 20%. Real estate is valued based on appraisals or evaluations, generally discounted by 20% with higher discounts for property in poor condition or property with characteristics which may make it more difficult to market. For commercial loans subject to borrowing base certificates, discounts of at least 20% are applied to receivables and 40% - 75% for inventory with higher discounts when monthly borrowing base certificates are not required or received.
For collateral dependent loans and leases, where repayment is expected substantially from the collateral, expected credit losses are measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated cost to sell. Collateral values are reviewed at least quarterly and estimated using a market-based valuation approach that may include appraisals, dealer and auction quotations, trade publications, and other relevant market data, adjusted for collateral condition, market trends, and liquidation assumptions. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, the collateral dependent loans and leases themselves are carried at amortized cost and are not classified within the fair value hierarchy. However, collateral dependent loans and leases for which an allowance for loan and lease loss has been established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy.
The Company has established MSRs valuation policies and procedures based on industry standards, designed to ensure that valuation methodologies are applied consistently and resulting fair value measurements are verifiable. MSRs are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. For purposes of impairment assessment, MSRs are stratified based on the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying servicing assets, principally by loan type. The fair value of each tranche of the servicing portfolio is estimated by calculating the present value of expected future net servicing cash flows, taking into consideration actual and expected mortgage loan prepayment rates, discount rates, servicing costs, and other relevant economic factors. Prepayment rates and discount rates are derived through a third-party pricing agent. Changes in the most significant valuation inputs, including prepayment rates and discount rates, are evaluated in relation to changes in the fair value measurements and an appropriate resolution is made. In addition, an independent third-party fair value analysis is obtained and compared to the Company’s internal valuation for reasonableness. MSRs do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices, and while MSR sales do occur, the specific terms and conditions are not typically publicly available. Accordingly, the characteristics of the Company’s servicing portfolio may differ from those of other MSR servicing portfolios that do trade.
Other real estate is carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is determined primarily using appraisals and reflects a market value approach. Fair values are reviewed quarterly and new appraisals are obtained annually. Repossessions are similarly valued.
For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis the following represents impairment charges (recoveries) recognized on these assets during the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively: collateral dependent loans and leases - $0.24 million and $10.43 million; MSRs - $0.00 million and $0.00 million; repossessions - $0.05 million and $0.03 million, and other real estate - $0.00 million and $0.00 million.
The following table shows the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans and leases | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 26,175 | $ | 26,175 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (mortgage servicing rights) | — | — | 3,300 | 3,300 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (repossessions) | — | — | 267 | 267 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 29,742 | $ | 29,742 | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans and leases | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 725 | $ | 725 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (mortgage servicing rights) | — | — | 3,436 | 3,436 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (repossessions) | — | — | 155 | 155 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued income and other assets (other real estate) | — | — | 460 | 460 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 4,776 | $ | 4,776 | ||||||||||||||||||
The following table below shows the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Carrying Value | Fair Value | Valuation Methodology | Unobservable Inputs | Range of Inputs | Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans and leases | $ | 26,175 | $ | 26,175 | Collateral based measurements including appraisals, trade publications, and auction values | Discount for lack of marketability and current conditions | 15% - 30% | 23.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage servicing rights | 3,300 | 7,325 | Discounted cash flows | Constant prepayment rate (CPR) | 6.4% - 33.4% | 7.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discount rate | 10.4% - 12.4% | 10.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repossessions | 267 | 297 | Appraisals, trade publications and auction values | Discount for lack of marketability | 0% - 20% | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans and leases | $ | 725 | $ | 725 | Collateral based measurements including appraisals, trade publications, and auction values | Discount for lack of marketability and current conditions | 25% - 30% | 28.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage servicing rights | 3,436 | 7,480 | Discounted cash flows | Constant prepayment rate (CPR) | 7.6% - 23.0% | 7.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discount rate | 11.1% - 13.1% | 11.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repossessions | 155 | 170 | Appraisals, trade publications and auction values | Discount for lack of marketability | 0% - 10% | 9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other real estate | 460 | 500 | Appraisals | Discount for lack of marketability | 0% - 8% | 8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis.
The following table shows the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Carrying or Contract Value | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | $ | 69,249 | $ | 69,249 | $ | 69,249 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks | 50,608 | 50,608 | 50,608 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other investments | 22,140 | 22,140 | 22,140 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses | 6,884,823 | 6,946,110 | — | — | 6,946,110 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest receivable | 35,539 | 35,539 | — | 35,539 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | 7,225,575 | $ | 7,223,139 | $ | 5,638,975 | $ | 1,584,164 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | 238,621 | 238,621 | 113,574 | 125,047 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt and mandatorily redeemable securities | 43,330 | 43,292 | — | 43,292 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated notes | 58,764 | 59,076 | — | 59,076 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest payable | 24,738 | 24,738 | — | 24,738 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Off-balance-sheet instruments * | — | 139 | — | 139 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | $ | 76,837 | $ | 76,837 | $ | 76,837 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks | 47,989 | 47,989 | 47,989 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other investments | 23,855 | 23,855 | 23,855 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses | 6,699,268 | 6,608,109 | — | — | 6,608,109 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest receivable | 32,790 | 32,790 | — | 32,790 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | 7,230,035 | $ | 7,226,239 | $ | 5,440,309 | $ | 1,785,930 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term borrowings | 249,198 | 249,198 | 74,198 | 175,000 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt and mandatorily redeemable securities | 39,156 | 38,784 | — | 38,784 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated notes | 58,764 | 56,903 | — | 56,903 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest payable | 36,494 | 36,494 | — | 36,494 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Off-balance-sheet instruments * | — | 144 | — | 144 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
* Represents estimated cash outflows required to currently settle the obligations at current market rates.
These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and require considerable judgment to interpret market data. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange, nor are they intended to represent the fair value of the Company as a whole. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of the respective balance sheet date. Although the Company is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued since the presentation dates, and therefore, estimates of fair value after the balance sheet date may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
Other significant assets, such as premises and equipment, other assets, and liabilities not defined as financial instruments, are not included in the above disclosures. Also, the fair value estimates for deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the deposit liabilities compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market.
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Feb 17, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Feb 18, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Feb 20, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Feb 16, 2023 | |
| 2021 | Feb 17, 2022 | |
| 2020 | Feb 18, 2021 | |
| 2019 | Feb 20, 2020 | |
| 2018 | Feb 22, 2019 | |
| 2017 | Feb 16, 2018 | |
| 2016 | Feb 17, 2017 | |
| 2015 | Feb 19, 2016 | |
About Fair Value Disclosures
Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.
Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.