VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY INC Fair Value Disclosure

The following table provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis:

There have been no changes in the classification of any financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy in the periods presented.

During the third and fourth fiscal quarters of 2024, the Company performed quantitative goodwill impairment tests in which the fair value of the Company's reporting units was calculated.  See additional information on the impairment tests in Note 19.

The Company maintains non-qualified trusts, referred to as “rabbi” trusts, to fund payments under deferred compensation and non-qualified pension plans.  Rabbi trust assets consist primarily of marketable securities, classified as available-for-sale, and company-owned life insurance assets.  The marketable securities held in the rabbi trusts are valued using quoted market prices on the last business day of the year.  The company-owned life insurance assets are valued in consultation with the Company’s insurance brokers using the value of underlying assets of the insurance contracts.  The fair value measurement of the marketable securities held in the rabbi trust is considered a Level 1 measurement and the measurement of the company-owned life insurance assets is considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company maintains defined benefit retirement plans in certain of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The assets of the plans are measured at fair value.

Equity securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of equity securities that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year.   The fair value measurement of the equity securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

Fixed income securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of government bonds in the Philippines and India and corporate notes that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the fixed income securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

Cash held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consists of demand deposits on account in various financial institutions to fund current benefit payments. The carrying amount of the cash approximates its fair value.

The Company holds investments in debt securities that are intended to fund a portion of its pension and other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S.  The investments are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year.  The fair value measurement of the investments is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company may be required to make certain contingent consideration payments to related to acquisitions.  The fair value of these contingent payments is determined by estimating the net present value of the expected cash flows based on the probability of expected payments.  The fair value measurement of the contingent consideration payments is considered a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of the long-term debt, excluding the deferred financing costs, at December 31, 2025 and 2024 is approximately $896,100 and $850,600, respectively, compared to its carrying value, excluding the deferred financing costs, of $969,000 and $927,911, respectively.  The Company estimates the fair value of its long-term debt using a combination of quoted market prices for similar financing arrangements and expected future payments discounted at risk-adjusted rates, which are considered level 2 inputs.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions that have maturities that exceed 90 days from the date of acquisition; however they all mature within one year from the respective balance sheet dates.  The Company's short-term investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost, which approximates their fair value.  The investments are funded with excess cash not expected to be needed for operations prior to maturity; therefore, the Company believes it has the intent and ability to hold the short-term investments until maturity.  At each reporting date, the Company performs an evaluation to determine if any unrealized losses are other-than-temporary.  No other-than-temporary impairments have been recognized on these securities, and there are no unrecognized holding gains or losses for these securities during the periods presented.  There have been no transfers to or from the held-to-maturity classification.  All decreases in the account balance are due to returns of principal at the securities’ maturity dates.  Interest on the securities is recognized as interest income when earned.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were comprised of demand deposits, time deposits with maturities of three months or less when purchased, and money market funds. The Company estimates the fair value of its cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments using level 2 inputs. Based on the current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity, the fair value of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, and held-to-maturity short-term investments approximate the carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s financial instruments also include accounts receivable and accounts payable.  The carrying amounts for these financial instruments reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values.