3. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures the following liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

 

Quoted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prices in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Active

 

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Markets for

 

 

Other

 

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Identical

 

 

Observable

 

 

Unobservable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

Inputs

 

 

Inputs

 

 

 

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Financial liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Series A warrants to purchase common stock

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

23,100

 

 

$

 

23,100

 

Series C warrants to purchase common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,460

 

 

 

 

6,460

 

Total financial liabilities at December 31, 2025

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

29,560

 

 

$

 

29,560

 

 

The fair value of the common stock warrant liabilities, which are described in more detail in Note 9, are calculated utilizing a Black-Scholes option pricing model for the Series A warrants and a Monte Carlo simulation model for the Series C warrants. For the portion of the year ended December 31, 2025 that the Series B warrants were outstanding, the fair value of such warrants were calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model and the Monte Carlo simulation model both require the use of assumptions, certain of which are not observable in the market, which represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. The Black-Scholes pricing model and the Monte Carlo simulation model assumptions include the warrant exercise price, the expected term of the warrant, the current price of the Company’s common stock, expected volatility, the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the warrant and expected dividend yield. The Monte Carlo simulation assumptions also include the potential impacts of the warrant strike price reset features.

The inputs used in the fair market value of the Company’s common stock warrants liabilities as of the issuance date and December 31, 2025 were the following:

 

June 5, 2025

 

December 31,

 

(issuance date)

 

2025

Closing price of common stock

$

 

9.52

 

 

 

$

 

8.96

 

 

Warrant exercise price

$

 

10.50

 

 

 

$

 

10.50

 

 

Expected volatility

 

 

70

 

%

 

 

 

70

 

%

Risk free interest rate

 

 

3.91

 

%

 

 

 

3.62

 

%

Expected dividend yield

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected term (in years)

 

0.57 - 5.00

 

 

 

 

0.92 - 4.43

 

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the fair market value of the Company’s common stock warrant liabilities, which are classified within the Level 3 fair value hierarchy:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total level 3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

financial

 

 

 

Series A

 

 

Series B

 

 

Series C

 

 

liabilities

 

Balance at December 31, 2024

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

Initial fair value of common stock warrant liabilities

 

 

 

26,840

 

 

 

 

6,600

 

 

 

 

5,060

 

 

 

 

38,500

 

Change in fair value of common stock warrant liabilities

 

 

 

(3,740

)

 

 

 

(3,505

)

 

 

 

1,400

 

 

 

 

(5,845

)

Conversion of common stock warrant liabilities to equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,095

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,095

)

Balance at December 31, 2025

 

$

 

23,100

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

6,460

 

 

$

 

29,560

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 23, 2026Showing above
2022Mar 2, 2023
2021Mar 1, 2022

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.