Property, plant and equipment, net at December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following:

 

   2024   2023 
   December 31, 
   2024   2023 
Property, plant and equipment, net:          
Computer hardware  $1,195,000   $1,322,000 
Furniture and equipment   956,000    936,000 
Lab and pharmacy equipment   5,306,000    4,564,000 
Leasehold improvements   7,291,000    6,771,000 
Property, plant and equipment, gross   14,748,000    13,593,000 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization   (11,014,000)   (10,072,000)
Property, plant and equipment, net  $3,734,000   $3,521,000 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.