Leases
The Company has entered into leases for commercial office spaces and vehicles. These leases are not unilaterally cancellable by the Company, are legally enforceable, and specify fixed or minimum amounts. The leases expire at various dates through 2031 and provide for renewal options. In the normal course of business, it is expected that these leases will be renewed or replaced by leases on other properties.
The leases provide for increases in future minimum annual rental payments based on defined increases in the Consumer Price Index, subject to certain minimum increases. Also, the agreements generally require the Company to pay real estate taxes, insurance, and repairs.
Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
ClassificationDecember 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Operating lease assetsRight-of-use operating lease assets$3,779,757 $4,493,360 
Finance lease assetsProperty and equipment, net1,551 6,890 
Total lease assets$3,781,308 $4,500,250 
Operating lease liabilities - currentOperating lease liabilities - current$860,130 914,800 
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrentOperating lease liabilities - noncurrent3,558,659 4,254,173 
Finance lease liabilities - currentOther liabilities - current2,340 6,969 
Finance lease liabilities - noncurrentOther long-term liabilities — 1,519 
Total lease liabilities$4,421,130 $5,177,461 

The components of lease expense are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Classification20252024
Operating lease expenseSelling, general and administrative $884,636 $912,671 
Finance lease expense: 
Amortization of finance lease assetsSelling, general and administrative6,190 5,568 
Interest on finance lease liabilitiesInterest expense, net629 1,180 
Total lease expense$891,455 $919,419 

Operating LeaseFinance Lease
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:December 31, 2025December 31, 2025
2026$897,443 $2,340 
2027913,705 — 
2028898,606 — 
2029925,564 — 
2030953,331 — 
Thereafter981,932 — 
Total lease payments5,570,581 2,340 
Less: interest(1,151,791)— 
Total lease liabilities$4,418,790 $2,340 

Lease term and discount rate:
December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years):
Operating lease5.96.7
Finance lease0.31.3
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating lease7.8%7.8%
Finance lease7.8%7.8%
Other Information:
Years Ended December 31,Years Ended December 31,
20252024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$721,870 $357,118 
Operating cash flows from finance leases related to interest expense$629 $1,180 
Financing cash flows from finance leases$8,267 $10,074 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities$1,551 $6,890 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$— $— 
Sublease
In April 2022, the Company entered into a sublease agreement with certain local San Diego companies to sublease a portion of the Company's 4,811 square foot expansion. The term of the sublease is six months to twelve months with fixed base rental income ranging from $15,000 to $19,676 per month ending on May 31, 2026. The sublease has option for renewal or extension at the end of the sublease term through May 31, 2027.
In July 2024, the Company entered into a sublease agreement to sublease a portion of the Company's 7,842 square foot office space. The term of the sublease is 7.5 years with fixed base rental income ranging from $15,400 to $37,880 per month. The sublease has no option for renewal or extension at the end of the sublease term.
Sublease income are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Classification20252024
Sublease incomeOther, net$549,667 $381,894 
Lessor
In 2022, the Company entered into a 10 year master services agreement ("MSA") with a certain school district for FaaS to electrify their school bus fleet. A statement of work (“SOW”) for engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") was also executed in conjunction with the MSA. As part of this SOW, the Company will provide electric vehicle supply equipment ("EVSE") and related warranties, infrastructure engineering and construction, installation of EVSE, and subscription services to Nuvve’s V2G GIVe platform. The MSA has both lease and non-lease components. The lease component is the EVSE and non-lease components are the EPCs. The Company accounted for the lease components as a sale-type lease with the investment in lease of $98,321 and $101,415 at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Lease income are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Classification20252024
Lease incomeProducts $3,094 $36,201 
Interest incomeProducts 16,220 18,584 
Total lease income$19,314 $54,785 
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Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 31, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 31, 2025
2023Mar 29, 2024
2022Mar 31, 2023
2021Mar 31, 2022

About Leases Disclosures

Lease disclosures under ASC 842 provide a comprehensive view of a company's leased asset portfolio, including the split between operating and finance leases, discount rates used to present-value future payments, and the maturity schedule of lease obligations. This section reveals a significant source of off-balance-sheet commitments that were largely hidden before the current standard.

Key signals: the weighted-average discount rate affects the size of recorded lease liabilities — a higher rate reduces the reported obligation, so compare the chosen rate against the company's incremental borrowing rate. The operating versus finance lease mix affects both EBITDA and operating income presentation. Watch the maturity table for concentration risk: large payment cliffs in specific years may create cash flow pressure. Variable lease payments excluded from the liability measurement represent real obligations that do not appear on the balance sheet. Compare total lease costs against prior-year operating lease expense to assess the true economic burden.