The estimated useful life for each asset category is as follows:
Property and EquipmentEstimated Useful Life
Servers and related equipment
5 years
Computer hardware and software
2 - 5 years
Furniture and fixtures
2 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of remaining lease term or estimated useful life
Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31,
20252024
Servers and related equipment and software$1,065,828 $898,598 
Computer hardware and software licenses58,716 55,002 
Furniture and fixtures2,369 2,121 
Leasehold improvements262,733 245,150 
Construction in progress10,657 46,158 
Prepayments for purchase of equipment and construction in progress
168,914 — 
Total property and equipment
1,569,217 1,247,029 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
(684,441)(587,440)
Property and equipment—net
$884,776 $659,589 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.