December 31,

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Land and land rights, including mines

 

$

247

 

 

$

233

 

Structures (by type of operation):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bauxite mining and alumina refining

 

 

4,046

 

 

 

3,736

 

Aluminum smelting and casting

 

 

3,264

 

 

 

3,214

 

Energy generation

 

 

341

 

 

 

334

 

Other

 

 

357

 

 

 

344

 

 

 

 

8,008

 

 

 

7,628

 

Machinery and equipment (by type of operation):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bauxite mining and alumina refining

 

 

4,386

 

 

 

4,218

 

Aluminum smelting and casting

 

 

5,840

 

 

 

5,551

 

Energy generation

 

 

872

 

 

 

855

 

Other

 

 

276

 

 

 

453

 

 

 

 

11,374

 

 

 

11,077

 

 

 

 

19,629

 

 

 

18,938

 

Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization

 

 

13,837

 

 

 

13,161

 

 

 

 

5,792

 

 

 

5,777

 

Construction work-in-progress

 

 

908

 

 

 

612

 

 

 

$

6,700

 

 

$

6,389

 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.